Nestled in the heart of Texas, Gonzales is a town steeped in history, proudly holding the distinction of being home to many “firsts” in the Lone Star State. From its founding days to its cultural contributions, Gonzales has played a pivotal role in shaping the state’s legacy. Here’s a look at some of the groundbreaking milestones that make Gonzales a true pioneer of Texas history.
1. First Anglo-American Settlement West of the Colorado River (1825)
Gonzales holds the title of being the first Anglo-American settlement established west of the Colorado River in 1825. As a key outpost for settlers, it was integral in the early development of Texas, helping to expand the frontier into new territories.
2. First Public Building: A Fort for Shelter and Security (1827)
In 1827, Bryd Lockhart constructed the first public building in Gonzales—a fort that provided much-needed shelter and security for the settlers. This fort served as a stronghold during a time of uncertainty, offering protection to early pioneers in the region.
3. First Militia: The Gonzales Ranging Company of Mounted Volunteers (1835)
Gonzales was the birthplace of the first formal militia unit in the area of the DeWitt Colony. Known as the Gonzales Ranging Company of Mounted Volunteers, this group became the inspiration for the famed Texas Rangers, a symbol of Texas pride and resilience. Their service helped to shape the state’s military traditions.
4. First Flag of Texas Independence: ‘Come and Take It’ (1835)
The iconic “Come and Take It” flag, one of the most recognizable symbols of the Texas Revolution, was designed and created by the women of Gonzales in 1835. The flag, which featured a cannon, became a rallying cry for the Texans during the Battle of Gonzales, symbolizing their defiance against Mexican authority.
5. First Volunteer Army of Texas (1835)
On October 1, 1835, Gonzales was home to the formation of the first volunteer army of Texas. This group played a critical role in the early days of the Texas Revolution, responding to the call for help to fight for Texas’ independence from Mexico.
6. The First Shot of the Texas Revolution (October 2, 1835)
The first shot in the Battle for Texas Independence was fired in Gonzales on October 2, 1835, marking the beginning of the Texas Revolution. This momentous event took place at the Battle of Gonzales, where Texian rebels famously defied Mexican forces and fired the first shot in a long fight for freedom.
7. The Immortal 32 of Gonzales (1836)
In 1836, the people of Gonzales made a profound mark on history when they were the first—and only—Texans to respond to Colonel William B. Travis’s call for reinforcements to defend the Alamo. These 32 men, known as the “Immortal 32,” helped to strengthen the resolve of those inside the Alamo, becoming legendary figures in Texas history.
8. One of the First 23 Counties in the Republic of Texas
When the Republic of Texas was established, Gonzales was named one of the first 23 counties in the newly formed nation. This designation speaks to the town’s importance in the early political and administrative structures of Texas.
9. First Continuously Operated Sunday School in Texas (1836)
Gonzales also boasts the first continuously operated Sunday school in Texas. Established by Thomas Pilgrim in 1836, the Sunday school became a vital institution for the early settlers, promoting education and religious instruction in the fledgling community.
10. First College to Offer Four-Year Degrees to Women: Gonzales College
Gonzales College holds the distinction of being the first institution of higher learning in Texas to offer four-year degrees to women. This groundbreaking move made Gonzales College an important milestone in the history of education, further cementing Gonzales’ role in shaping the state’s cultural and academic landscape.
11. Texas’ Only Texas History Museum District
Gonzales is home to the first and only Texas History Museum District in the state. This district is dedicated to preserving and showcasing the rich history of Texas, with a focus on the area’s significant contributions to the state’s early development and the Texas Revolution.
12. The Eggleston House: Texas’ First Historical Marker (1848)
In 1848, the Eggleston House in Gonzales was awarded the Texas Historical Commission’s first historical marker. This recognition underscores the importance of the Eggleston House as a significant historical site in Texas, contributing to the preservation of the region’s heritage for future generations.
From its early days as the first Anglo-American settlement west of the Colorado River to its contributions in the Texas Revolution, Gonzales, Texas, has been at the forefront of many groundbreaking achievements in the state’s history. Whether as the site of the first shot in the fight for independence, the birthplace of the Texas Rangers, or the first to offer higher education to women, Gonzales remains a town that embodies the spirit of Texas. It’s no wonder that this historic community continues to draw visitors eager to walk in the footsteps of pioneers and revolutionaries.
